I thought this shot pretty well sums up the technological progress made during the 1960’s race to the moon:

On the left is a Mercury Redstone rocket (with Mercury capsule mockup), much like the one that launched Alan Shepard on his suborbital flight in 1961. On the right is an F-1 rocket engine, built for the first stage of the Apollo program’s Saturn V rocket (five F-1 engines were needed for each rocket) and still the most powerful liquid-powered rocket engine ever built.

You can see this for yourself at the Johnson Space Center “Rocket Park,” on the southern edge of Houston, Texas.

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